2018 Nobel in Economics Awarded to William Nordhaus and Paul Romer

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The 2018 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science was awarded on Monday to the American economists William D. Nordhaus and Paul M. Romer for reshaping the understanding of the long-term determinants of economic growth.

Mr. Nordhaus was cited for his work on the implications of environmental factors, including climate change. Mr. Romer was cited for his work on the importance of technological change.

Richard H. Thaler was recognized for his pioneering work in establishing that people are predictably irrational — that they consistently behave in ways that defy economic theory. He is credited with persuading many economists to pay more attention to human behavior, and many governments to pay more attention to economics.

• James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine last Monday, for a discovery that the body’s immune system can be used to attack cancer cells.

• Arthur Ashkin, Gérard Mourou and Donna Strickland were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics on Tuesday for developing tools made of light beams. Dr. Strickland is just the third woman to win the physics prize.

• Three scientists were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry on Wednesday: Frances H. Arnold of the U.S., who received half the prize, and George P. Smith and Gregory P. Winter who shared the other half. They won for tapping the power of evolutionary biology to design molecules.

• The Congolese gynecological surgeon Denis Mukwege and the former ISIS captive Nadia Murad were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize on Friday “for their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict.”

The Nobel Prize in Literature has been postponed. The institution that chooses the laureate is embroiled in a scandal involving allegations of sexual misconduct, financial malpractice and repeated leaks — a crisis that led to the departure of several board members and required the intervention of the Swedish king. Two laureates might be named next year. Read about last year’s winner, Kazuo Ishiguro.



Source : Nytimes